DoctorsProofNPPES directory · verify at state boards

Internal Medicine in Rochester, NY

854 verified internal medicine doctors in Rochester. Page 14 of 15.

Internists specialize in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of adult diseases, often coordinating complex or chronic conditions across multiple systems.

NPPES tenure ≠ clinical experience. "Years on NPPES" is time since the physician first registered a National Provider Identifier, not time practicing medicine. Verify current license status with the state medical board.

Verify a license at the New York State Board for Professional Medical Conduct

Dr. Ali Raza, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1649844473
1425 PORTLAND AVE STE 287, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Anisha Garg, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1679147052
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Rosalie Siciliano, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1104491281
1555 LONG POND RD, Rochester, NY 14626(585) 723-7870
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Rayhan Pitigala, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1134794068
1425 PORTLAND AVE STE 287, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Whitney Kugler, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1891361689
601 ELMWOOD AVE., Rochester, NY 14642(585) 275-4912
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Anas Hashem, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1952970923
1425 PORTLAND AVE # 287, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Harkarandeep Singh, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1598334575
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-4000
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Alla Pak, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1942879929
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-4000
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Rachel James, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1891364782
1000 SOUTH AVE, Rochester, NY 14620(585) 313-9485
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Sara Khan, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1225609555
1425 PORTLAND AVE # 287, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Chenyu Jia, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1982275020
1555 LONG POND RD, Rochester, NY 14626(585) 723-7000
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Omofolarin Babayale, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1144892654
1425 PORTLAND AVE # 287, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Muhammad Waqas, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1902479561
1425 PORTLAND AVE # 287, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Rishab Sippy, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1588237846
1455 E RIDGE RD, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-4882
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Gulsah Turkoglu, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1699448878
180 SAWGRASS DR, Rochester, NY 14620(585) 275-4711
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Orlando Nunez Isaac, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1427721109
1425 PORTLAND AVE BLDG 3, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-4000
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Win Hlaing, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1518630037
1555 LONG POND RD, Rochester, NY 14626(585) 723-7880
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Kaitlyn Locke, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1902570336
601 ELMWOOD AVE, Rochester, NY 14642(585) 275-2375
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Unaiza Faizan, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1104591569
1555 LONG POND RD, Rochester, NY 14626(585) 723-7870
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Jennifer Anthony, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1891460150
125 LATTIMORE RD STE 200, Rochester, NY 14620(585) 273-3608
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Scott Mcmorris, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1649945387
4901 LAC DE VILLE BLVD BLDG D, Rochester, NY 14618(585) 275-5321
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· $310.07 (2023)

Industry Payments (2023)

Reported by drug and device makers to CMS Open Payments. These payments are legal and disclosed — shown as context, not a judgment.

$310.07

Total received

2

Transactions

2

Paying companies

Top paying companies

Stryker Corporation$173.08
Davol Inc.$136.99

Among the 183,896 internal medicine doctors we've analyzed, about 37% received any industry payment (median $195 among those who did). This doctor's total ranks around the 85th percentile of that group.

Benchmark reflects doctors we've analyzed, not all US internal medicine doctors.

Payments to Scott Mcmorris do not imply any wrongdoing. Many are meals, education, or research support.

Dr. Bethany Lilly, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1891460481
160 SAWGRASS DR, Rochester, NY 14620(585) 262-9150
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Harsimranpreet Singh, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1477229672
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Ali Jaan, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1851069330
1555 LONG POND RD, Rochester, NY 14626(585) 723-7000
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· $112.52 (2023)

Industry Payments (2023)

Reported by drug and device makers to CMS Open Payments. These payments are legal and disclosed — shown as context, not a judgment.

$112.52

Total received

1

Transactions

1

Paying companies

Top paying companies

Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.$112.52

Among the 183,896 internal medicine doctors we've analyzed, about 37% received any industry payment (median $195 among those who did). This doctor's total ranks around the 77th percentile of that group.

Benchmark reflects doctors we've analyzed, not all US internal medicine doctors.

Payments to Ali Jaan do not imply any wrongdoing. Many are meals, education, or research support.

Dr. Kunali Gurditta, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1356019939
913 CULVER RD, Rochester, NY 14609(585) 654-5432
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Emily Potter, MD

Internal Medicine

5 yrs NPPES
NPI 1710640347
158 SAWGRASS DR, Rochester, NY 14620(585) 275-2838
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Jacqueline Breese, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1649926395
959 PANORAMA TRL S STE 100, Rochester, NY 14625(585) 276-9361
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Steven Bair, DO

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1144970047
1000 SOUTH AVE, Rochester, NY 14620(585) 341-8305
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Abdul Mannan, DO

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1245971498
1455 E RIDGE RD, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-4101
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Andrew Vadas, DO

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1215678438
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Wassel Sannaa, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1831830686
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Natalia Aerton, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1760124143
601 ELMWOOD AVE, Rochester, NY 14642(585) 756-4800
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Bethany Marbaker, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1205578432
913 CULVER RD, Rochester, NY 14609(585) 654-5432
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Alexander Levstik, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1669114674
601 ELMWOOD AVE, Rochester, NY 14642(585) 275-4912
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Meghan Dioguardi, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1174266696
959 PANORAMA TRL S STE 100, Rochester, NY 14625(585) 276-9361
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Talha Tanriverdi, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1720721830
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Zuhaab Khan, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1831833805
1555 LONG POND RD, Rochester, NY 14626(585) 723-7000
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Sunam Kafle, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1306581012
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Barun Ray, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1427794635
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Salman Abdul Basit, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1346987104
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Yasmin Ghandehari, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1073250759
1455 E RIDGE RD, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-4101
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Ahmed Aly, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1457080814
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· $41.59 (2023)

Industry Payments (2023)

Reported by drug and device makers to CMS Open Payments. These payments are legal and disclosed — shown as context, not a judgment.

$41.59

Total received

2

Transactions

2

Paying companies

Top paying companies

AbbVie Inc.$23.39
Actelion Pharmaceuticals US, Inc.$18.20

Among the 183,896 internal medicine doctors we've analyzed, about 37% received any industry payment (median $195 among those who did). This doctor's total ranks around the 71th percentile of that group.

Benchmark reflects doctors we've analyzed, not all US internal medicine doctors.

Payments to Ahmed Aly do not imply any wrongdoing. Many are meals, education, or research support.

Dr. Mohan Thakurathi, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1861123879
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Pratibha Chaudhary, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1407587579
1425 PORTLAND AVE BLDG 3, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-4000
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Mouna Reghis, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1720719339
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-4000
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Catherine Thompson, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1649901273
601 ELMWOOD AVE, Rochester, NY 14642(585) 279-5100
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Muhammad Sharif, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1427780493
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-4000
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Allison Zeznick, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1649902206
601 ELMWOOD AVE, Rochester, NY 14642(585) 275-4711
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Bishnu Mohan Singh, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1841923224
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. William Diaz Alvarado, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1174256176
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-4000
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Prajjwol Bhatta, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1144953860
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-4000
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Hazem Taifour, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1174257745
1555 LONG POND RD, Rochester, NY 14626(585) 723-7746
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Eduardo Avalos, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1891429114
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-4000
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Ali Mohamed, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1154055424
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Ahmed Saleh, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1952035727
1555 LONG POND RD, Rochester, NY 14626(585) 723-7746
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Abigail Johanson, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1710612544
601 ELMWOOD AVE FL 5, Rochester, NY 14642(585) 275-7424
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Kathryn Rinefierd, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1881329647
40 CELEBRATION DR, Rochester, NY 14620(585) 275-7546
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Abigail Fancher, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1881312445
125 LATTIMORE RD, Rochester, NY 14620(585) 275-5823
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Emily Payton, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1700504339
200 E RIVER RD, Rochester, NY 14623(585) 279-7800
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Nimesh Khanal, MD

Internal Medicine

4 yrs NPPES
NPI 1083334569
1425 PORTLAND AVE, Rochester, NY 14621(585) 922-5067
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Internal Medicine in Rochester, NY — Verified | DoctorsProof — Page 14 | DoctorsProof