DoctorsProofNPPES directory · verify at state boards

Family Medicine in Portland, OR

584 verified family medicine doctors in Portland. Page 4 of 10.

Family medicine physicians provide comprehensive primary care for patients of all ages, from newborns to seniors — managing everyday illness, chronic conditions, and preventive care.

NPPES tenure ≠ clinical experience. "Years on NPPES" is time since the physician first registered a National Provider Identifier, not time practicing medicine. Verify current license status with the state medical board.

Verify a license at the Oregon Medical Board

Dr. Anong Burke, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1932205556
12360 E BURNSIDE ST, Portland, OR 97233(971) 279-4800
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Lorissa Klaus, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1831296979
19500 SE STARK ST, Portland, OR 97233(503) 669-3962
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Gregory Murphy, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1073611109
3710 SW US VETERANS HOSPITAL RD, P3GP1, Portland, OR 97239(503) 220-8262
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Amy Earhart, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1790885796
703 NE HANCOCK ST, Portland, OR 97212(503) 230-9875
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Julianne Thompson, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1124119359
5330 NE GLISAN ST, SUITE 100, Portland, OR 97213(503) 215-9700
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. David Peter, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1821189309
6640 SW REDWOOD LANE, Portland, OR 97224(503) 620-7358
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Jose Negron, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1548351877
1321 NE 99TH AVE, SUITE 200, Portland, OR 97220(503) 215-4250
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· $15.89 (2023)

Industry Payments (2023)

Reported by drug and device makers to CMS Open Payments. These payments are legal and disclosed — shown as context, not a judgment.

$15.89

Total received

1

Transactions

1

Paying companies

Top paying companies

Gilead Sciences, Inc.$15.89

Among the 136,402 family medicine doctors we've analyzed, about 35% received any industry payment (median $151 among those who did). This doctor's total ranks around the 67th percentile of that group.

Benchmark reflects doctors we've analyzed, not all US family medicine doctors.

Payments to Jose Negron do not imply any wrongdoing. Many are meals, education, or research support.

Dr. Laura Bitts, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1437241601
6640 SW REDWOOD LANE, Portland, OR 97224(503) 620-7358
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Suzanne Gwilliam, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1942392097
6640 SW REDWOOD LANE, Portland, OR 97224(503) 620-7358
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Kara Kassay, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1609968759
12511 SW 68TH AVE STE 200, Portland, OR 97223(503) 675-1137
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· $424.75 (2023)

Industry Payments (2023)

Reported by drug and device makers to CMS Open Payments. These payments are legal and disclosed — shown as context, not a judgment.

$424.75

Total received

20

Transactions

9

Paying companies

Top paying companies

AbbVie Inc.$152.04
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP$55.31
Pfizer Inc.$45.47
Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc$41.74
Exact Sciences Corporation$38.21
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C.$25.84

Among the 136,402 family medicine doctors we've analyzed, about 35% received any industry payment (median $151 among those who did). This doctor's total is higher than 90% of that group — among the highest recipients.

Benchmark reflects doctors we've analyzed, not all US family medicine doctors.

Payments to Kara Kassay do not imply any wrongdoing. Many are meals, education, or research support.

Dr. Jennifer Vines, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1598857153
619 NW 6TH AVE FL 4, Portland, OR 97209(503) 988-5020
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Eric Herman, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1851483432
4411 SW VERMONT ST, Portland, OR 97219(503) 494-9992
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Nilana Gunasekaran, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1942393673
3550 N INTERSTATE AVE, Portland, OR 97227(503) 285-9321
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Elaine Marcus, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1750475356
1321 NE 99TH AVE, SUITE 100, Portland, OR 97220(503) 215-9900
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Sachin Shah, DO

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1780770966
2850 NW NICOLAI ST, Portland, OR 97210(800) 813-2000
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Louise Clark, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1396831178
2701 NW VAUGHN ST, SUITE 140, Portland, OR 97210(503) 721-6800
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Lisa Newton-Klucevek, DO

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1528155280
9450 SW BARNES RD STE 100, Portland, OR 97225(503) 292-9560
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Justin Denny, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1164519112
3181 SW SAM JACKSON PARK RD, Portland, OR 97239(503) 494-8573
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Scott Fields, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1780771733
3181 SW SAM JACKSON PARK RD, Portland, OR 97239(503) 494-8573
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Geoffrey Mccarthy, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1922195841
677 NW MELINDA AVE, Portland, OR 97210(503) 241-8468
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Jencina Butler, DO

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1295823847
12518 NE AIRPORT WAY STE 110, Portland, OR 97230(503) 256-2992
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Page Jossi, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1871682245
5100 S MACADAM AVE STE 200, Portland, OR 97239(971) 202-5500
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. John Schumacher, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1902996663
1321 NE 99TH AVE, SUITE 200, Portland, OR 97220(503) 215-4250
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Eric Walsh, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1528142205
3181 SW SAM JACKSON PARK RD., OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY, Portland, OR 97239(503) 494-6616
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Michael Miller, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1104902659
4616 N ALBINA AVE, Portland, OR 97217(503) 335-9980
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Joanne Wu, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1821175068
6327 SE MILWAUKIE AVE, Portland, OR 97202(503) 659-4988
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Rebecca Thompson, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1457430373
6327 SE MILWAUKIE AVE, Portland, OR 97202(503) 659-4988
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Arnold Petersen, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1154409316
10101 SE MAIN ST STE 2001, Portland, OR 97216(503) 256-0890
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Timothy Joslin, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1164591079
3303 SW BOND AVE, Portland, OR 97239(503) 494-8573
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Sumathi Devarajan, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1992874267
3930 SE DIVISION ST, Portland, OR 97202(503) 418-3900
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Lan-Anh Nguyen, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1356414536
1321 NE 99TH AVE STE 100, Portland, OR 97220(503) 215-9900
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Vincent Hansen, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1881760551
250 NE 181ST, Portland, OR 97230(503) 666-8900
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. David Tovey, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1932276961
1350 NE 122ND AVE, Portland, OR 97230(503) 408-7010
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Marilyn Walkey, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1194883330
7875 SW ALDEN ST, Portland, OR 97223(503) 608-8155
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Leigh Chapman, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1386702280
1567 SE TACOMA ST, Portland, OR 97202(503) 233-8113
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Brigitte Engelhardt, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1629130232
1201 NE LLOYD BLVD STE 110, Portland, OR 97232(971) 235-0437
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Janel Guyette, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1205990660
6445 N GREELEY AVENUE, Portland, OR 97217(503) 285-6607
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· $20.57 (2023)

Industry Payments (2023)

Reported by drug and device makers to CMS Open Payments. These payments are legal and disclosed — shown as context, not a judgment.

$20.57

Total received

1

Transactions

1

Paying companies

Top paying companies

AbbVie Inc.$20.57

Among the 136,402 family medicine doctors we've analyzed, about 35% received any industry payment (median $151 among those who did). This doctor's total ranks around the 69th percentile of that group.

Benchmark reflects doctors we've analyzed, not all US family medicine doctors.

Payments to Janel Guyette do not imply any wrongdoing. Many are meals, education, or research support.

Dr. Dong Ji, MD

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1033273784
15640 NW LAIDLAW RD, SUITE 102, Portland, OR 97229(503) 764-0100
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Robert Burns, DO

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1851456594
2806 SE STEELE ST, STE 1, Portland, OR 97202(503) 238-0331
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Anne Skinner, DO

Family Medicine

20 yrs NPPES
NPI 1528124120
2647 NE 33RD AVE, Portland, OR 97212(503) 288-0083
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Linda Desitter, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1336296243
5100 S MACADAM AVE STE 200, Portland, OR 97239(971) 202-5500
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Peter Hatcher, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1356492979
2020 SE 182ND AVE, Portland, OR 97233(503) 988-5400
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Ora Botwinick, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1093866634
9000 N LOMBARD ST, Portland, OR 97203
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Ole Ersson, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1194876763
426 SW STARK ST, 8TH FLOOR, Portland, OR 97204(503) 988-5033
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Kristin Wheeler, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1730230368
619 NW 6TH AVE FL 5, Portland, OR 97209(503) 988-3674
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Lesley Ryan, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1710038203
1427 SE 182ND AVE, Portland, OR 97233(503) 761-6006
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Steven Jackson, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1003968389
426 SW STARK ST, 8TH FLOOR, Portland, OR 97204(503) 988-3674
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Grace Lee, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1992857213
9000 N LOMBARD ST, Portland, OR 97203(503) 988-5304
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Peter Mahr, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1548312754
426 SW STARK ST, 8TH FLOOR, Portland, OR 97204(503) 988-3674
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Amit Shah, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1154473312
426 SW STARK ST, 8TH FLOOR, Portland, OR 97204(503) 988-3674
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Patricia Kullberg, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1326192972
426 SW STARK ST, 5TH FLOOR, Portland, OR 97204(503) 988-5140
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Myrtice Jecker, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1124169495
426 SW STARK ST, 8TH FLOOR, Portland, OR 97204(503) 988-3674
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Carla Radcliffe, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1811038193
6736 NE KILLINGSWORTH ST, Portland, OR 97218(503) 988-3601
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Gregory Allers, DO

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1649311911
426 SW STARK ST, 8TH FLOOR, Portland, OR 97204(503) 988-3674
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Aoife O'Sullivan, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1073657003
9555 SW BARNES RD STE 255, Portland, OR 97225(503) 908-1590
NPPES public registryAccepts Medicare (2024)
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Dohn Kruschwitz, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1972647428
2220 SW 1ST AVE, Portland, OR 97201(503) 552-1551
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Matthew Dubrow, DO

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1215063235
3826 SE LAMBERT ST, Portland, OR 97202(215) 888-2119
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Robyn Liu, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1447387360
3550 N INTERSTATE AVE, Portland, OR 97227(800) 813-2000
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Renee Stringham, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1881721413
2545 SW TERWILLIGER BLVD APT 1131, Portland, OR 97201(503) 808-7557
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Dr. Valerie Krause, MD

Family Medicine

19 yrs NPPES
NPI 1437287539
426 SW STARK ST, 5TH FLOOR, Portland, OR 97204(503) 988-3674
NPPES public registry
CMS Open Payments· No payments in 2023

Industry Payments

No industry payments on record in the 2023 CMS Open Payments data. This doctor received no reported payments from drug or device makers that year.

Family Medicine in Portland, OR — Verified | DoctorsProof — Page 4 | DoctorsProof